Among all the forms of early humans, the Neandertals hold a special place in our imaginations. Thriving through the Ice Age rigors of Europe and western Asia for 150,000 years, they combined enormous physical strength with manifest intelligence. They could not lose. And then, somehow, they lost. The Neandertals disappeared some 35,000 years ago, just as a new kind of human made its gaudy entrance on the continent: Homo sapiens sapiens, the "double wise" species that left its handprints on the walls of caves and the mark of its mind everywhere on the globe. How did it happen? What part did the Neandertals play? Who were they, and what was their fate?

In this jargon-free review of one of the most fascinating topics in modern science, acclaimed science writer Kitty Ferguson examines the discovery of black holes, their nature, and what they can teach us about the mysteries of the universe. In search of the answers, we trace a star from its birth to its death throes, take a hypothetical journey to the border of a black hole and beyond, spend time with some of the world's leading theoretical physicists and astronomers, and take a whimsical look at some of the wild ideas black holes have inspired. Prisons of Light--Black Holes is comprehensive and detailed. Yet Kitty Ferguson's lightness of touch and down-to-earth analogies set this book apart from all others on black holes and make it a wonderfully stimulating and entertaining read.

"All life in all worlds" -- this was the object of the author's seventeen-year quest for knowledge and discovery, culminating in this book. In a manner unmistakably his own, Murchie delves into the interconnectedness of all life on the planet and of such fields as biology, geology, sociology, mathematics, and physics. He offers us what the poet May Sarton has called "a good book to take to a desert island as sole companion, so rich is it in knowledge and insight".

Sir James George Frazer (1854-1941) is rightly regarded as one of the founders of modern anthropology. This volume is the author's own abridgement of his great work, and was first published in 1922. It offers the thesis that man progresses from magic through religious belief to scientific thought.

Though we have other distinguishing characteristics (walking on two legs, for instance, and relative hairlessness), the brain and the behavior it produces are what truly set us apart from the other apes and primates. And how this three-pound organ composed of water, fat, and protein turned a mammal species into the dominant animal on earth today is the story John S. Allen seeks to tell.

Adopting what he calls a “bottom-up” approach to the evolution of human behavior, Allen considers the brain as a biological organ; a collection of genes, cells, and tissues that grows, eats, and ages, and is subject to the direct effects of natural selection and the phylogenetic constraints of its ancestry. An exploration of the evolution of this critical organ based on recent work in paleoanthropology, brain anatomy and neuroimaging, molecular genetics, life history theory, and related fields, his book shows us the brain as a product of the contexts in which it evolved: phylogenetic, somatic, genetic, ecological, demographic, and ultimately, cultural-linguistic. Throughout, Allen focuses on the foundations of brain evolution rather than the evolution of behavior or cognition. This perspective demonstrates how, just as some aspects of our behavior emerge in unexpected ways from the development of certain cognitive capacities, a more nuanced understanding of behavioral evolution might develop from a clearer picture of brain evolution.

Populairwetenschappelijke uitgave over natuurwetenschappelijke concepten van 'niets': van de presocratici tot Newton en daaraan voorbij en van quantumfysica tot quantumkosmologie en gekromde ruimtetijd.

(MOST OF) THE UNIVERSE IS IN YOUR HANDS

"There is a theory in physics that explains, at the deepest level, nearly all of the phenomena that rule our daily lives.... This theory bears the unassuming name "The Standard Model of Elementary Particles," or the "Standard Model," for short. It deserves to be better known, and it deserves a better name. I call it "The Theory of Almost Everything."

The Standard Model has a surprisingly low profile for such a fundamental and successful theory.... In physics news items, the Standard Model usually plays the whipping boy. Reports of successful experimental tests of the theory have an air of disappointment, and every hint of the theory' s inadequacy is greeted with glee. It is the Rodney Dangerfield of physical theories, it "don' t get no respect." But it is, perhaps, the pinnacle of human intellectual achievement to date.

--From the IntroductionPraise for "THE THEORY OF ALMOST EVERYTHING

"In an era when enormous attention is being paid to the promising but highly speculative superstring/M-theory, a great triumph of science has gone nearly unnoticed, except by physicists. Robert Oerter provides here an accessible introduction to the Standard Model--a towering example of human creativity. He outlines how the Standard Model can serve as the launching pad for humanity to--paraphrasing Einstein--see better the secrets of ' the Ancient One.' "

Overzicht van de belangrijkste wiskundige ontdekkingen.

Dit boek beschrijft de basisbegrippen uit de wiskunde in vijftig heldere essays. Het behandelt onder meer de oorsprong van de
wiskunde, de Egyptische deelsommen en de Romeinse getallen, de bijna mystieke bijklank van het getal Pi, de priemgetallen, de gouden ratio en Fibonacci-getallen. De grote ideeën van relativiteit, chaostheorie, fractals en hyperspace ontbreken evenmin in dit onmisbare overzichtswerk. Het boek begint bij de uitvinding van het getal nul en eindigt met het grootste onopgeloste wiskundige probleem. Wie het oplost kan een miljoen dollar winnen: u hoeft slechts de Riemannhypothese te bewijzen. Rijk geïllustreerd met tabellen en anekdotes, en daarmee het perfecte en toegankelijke overzichtswerk.

How America's high standard of living came to be and why future growth is under threat.

In the century after the Civil War, an economic revolution improved the American standard of living in ways previously unimaginable. Electric lighting, indoor plumbing, motor vehicles, air travel, and television transformed households and workplaces. But has that era of unprecedented growth come to an end? Weaving together a vivid narrative, historical anecdotes, and economic analysis, The Rise and Fall of American Growth challenges the view that economic growth will continue unabated, and demonstrates that the life-altering scale of innovations between 1870 and 1970 cannot be repeated. Gordon contends that the nation's productivity growth will be further held back by the headwinds of rising inequality, stagnating education, an aging population, and the rising debt of college students and the federal government, and that we must find new solutions. A critical voice in the most pressing debates of our time, The Rise and Fall of American Growth is at once a tribute to a century of radical change and a harbinger of tougher times to come.

Since the beginning of the New Deal, American liberals have insisted that the government must do more--much more--to help the poor, to increase economic security, to promote social justice and solidarity, to reduce inequality, and to mitigate the harshness of capitalism. Nonetheless, liberals have never answered, or even acknowledged, the corresponding question: What would be the size and nature of a welfare state that was not contemptibly austere, that did not urgently need new programs, bigger budgets, and a broader mandate? Even though the federal government's outlays have doubled every eighteen years since 1940, liberal rhetoric is always addressed to a nation trapped in Groundhog Day, where every year is 1932, and none of the existing welfare state programs that spend tens of billions of dollars matter, or even exist.

Never Enough explores the roots and consequences of liberals' aphasia about the welfare state's ultimate size. It assesses what liberalism's lack of a limiting principle says about the long-running argument between liberals and conservatives, and about the policy choices confronting America in a new century. Never Enough argues that the failure to speak clearly and candidly about the welfare state's limits has grave policy consequences. The worst result, however, is the way it has jeopardized the experiment in self-government by encouraging Americans to regard their government as a vehicle for exploiting their fellow-citizens, rather than as a compact for respecting one another's rights and safeguarding the opportunities of future generations.

Most people become rich by spotting opportunities, pioneering new technologies, or besting opponents in negotiations. Fugger did all that, but he had an extra quality that allowed him to rise even higher: nerve. In an era when kings had unlimited power, Fugger had the nerve to stare down heads of state and ask them to pay back their loans—with interest. It was this coolness and self-assurance, along with his inexhaustible ambition, that made him not only the richest man ever, but a force of history as well. Before Fugger came along it was illegal under church law to charge interest on loans, but he got the Pope to change that. He also helped trigger the Reformation and likely funded Magellan’s circumnavigation of the globe. His creation of a news service, which gave him an information edge over his rivals and customers, earned Fugger a footnote in the history of journalism. And he took Austria’s Habsburg family from being second-tier sovereigns to rulers of the first empire where the sun never set.

The ultimate untold story, The Richest Man Who Ever Lived is more than a tale about the richest and most influential businessman of all time. It is a story about palace intrigue, knights in battle, family tragedy and triumph, and a violent clash between the 1 percent and everybody else. To understand our financial system and how we got it, it pays to understand Jacob Fugger.

In this accessible book, Gavin Kennedy takes a fresh look at Adam Smith's moral philosophy and its links to his political economy and his lectures on Jurisprudence. The book provides a new analysis of Wealth of Nations , and argues that Adam Smith's intellectual legacy was completely transformed in the Nineteenth and Twentieth centuries by economists pursuing different agendas, to create ideas and policies that Smith did not advocate. It also provides a new explanation for the main mysteries about Smith's later life.

Amartya Sen argues that most of the conflicts in the contemporary world arise from individuals' notions of who they are, and which groups they belong to - local, national, religious - which define themselves in opposition to others.

For a long time guilds have been condemned as a major obstacle to economic progress in the pre-industrial era. This re-examination of the role of guilds in the early modern European economy challenges that view by taking into account fresh research on innovation, technological change and entrepreneurship. Leading economic historians argue that industry before the Industrial Revolution was much more innovative than previous studies have allowed for and explore the different products and production techniques that were launched and developed in this period. Much of this innovation was fostered by the craft guilds that formed the backbone of industrial production before the rise of the steam engine. The book traces the manifold ways in which guilds in a variety of industries in Italy, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Britain helped to create an institutional environment conducive to technological and marketing innovations.

Time - relentless, ever-present but intangible and the single element over which human beings have no absolute control - has long proved a puzzle. The author examines the phenomenon of time and asks such fascinating questions as how time impinges on people, to what extent our awareness of time is culturally conditioned, how societies deal with temporal problems and whether time can be considered a `resource' to be economized. More specifically, he provides a consistent and detailed analysis of theories put forward by a number of thinkers such as Durkheim, Evans-Pritchard, Lévi-Strauss, Geertz, Piaget, Husserl and Bourdieu. His discussion encompasses four main approaches in time research, namely developmental psychology, symbolic anthropology (covering the bulk of post-Durkheimian social anthropology) `economic' theories of time in social geography and, finally, phenomenological theories. The author concludes by presenting his own model of social/cognitive time, in the light of these critical discussions of the literature.

The Universe Is Made Of Bits. The Way In Which The Universe Registers And Processes Information Determines What It Is And How It Behaves. It Has Been Known For More Than A Century That Every Piece Of The Universe - Every Electron, Atom, And Molecule - Registers Bits Of Information. It Is Only In The Last Ten Years, However, With The Discovery And Development Of Quantum Computers, That Scientists Have Gained A Fundamental Understanding Of Just How That Information Is Registered And Processed. Seth Lloyd Calls This Fundamental Understanding Of The Universe In Terms Of Information Processing 'The Computational Universe', And The Purpose Of This Book Is To Show How The Programmed, Computational Universe Works. Starting From Basic Concepts Of Physics, Programming The Universe Shows How All Physical Systems Register Information. It Gives An Accessible Account Of How Information Is Stored And Processed At The Level Of Electrons, Atoms, And Molecules. It Shows How The Information Processing Power Of The Universe Can Be Harnessed To Build Quantum Computers And Explains How The Universe Itself Behaves Like A Gigantic Computer, Transforming And Processing Information. It Traces The History Of Information Processing From The Big Bang To The Present Day, And Reveals How The Computational Ability Of The Universe Promotes The Evolution Of Complex Structures Such As Life. Programming The Universe Is The Story Of The Universe And The Bits It Is Made Of.

What is human consciousness and how is it possible? These questions fascinate thinking people from poets and painters to physicists, psychologists, and philosophers. This is Daniel C. Dennett's brilliant answer, extending perspectives from his earlier work in surprising directions, exploring the deep interactions of evolution, brains and human culture. Part philosophical whodunnit, part bold scientific conjecture, this landmark work enlarges themes that have sustained Dennett's career at the forefront of philosophical thought. In his inimitable style, laced with wit and thought experiments, Dennett shows how culture enables reflection by installing a profusion of thinking tools, or memes, in our brains, and how language turbocharges this process. The result: a mind that can comprehend the questions it poses, has emerged from a process of cultural evolution.

An agenda-setting book for a new generation of philosophers and thinkers, From Bacteria to Bach and Back is essential for anyone who hopes to understand human creativity in all its applications.

A global view of the demographic and economic development of mankind.

Natuurkunde inzichtelijk gemaakt aan de hand van proeven en demonstraties. Walter Lewin is niet alleen een geniaal wetenschapper, hij staat er vooral ook om bekend de meest ingewikkelde formules begrijpelijk te maken, en zelfs tot leven te wekken. Zo liet hij in de collegezaal een sloopkogel op zich af slingeren en zette hij zichzelf onder stroom met meer dan driehonderdduizend volt. Lewins colleges zijn een ware online hit; ze worden jaarlijks door meer dan twee miljoen mensen bekeken. Ook reist Lewin de hele wereld rond om iedereen de schoonheid van de natuurkunde aan den lijve te laten ondervinden. Gek op natuurkunde is een even aanstekelijk als erudiet boek dat je ogen opent voor de wereld om je heen: hét natuurkundeboek dat iedereen op de middelbare school gehad zou willen hebben.

Summary: Aan het eind van zijn loopbaan raakt Bert Heemskerk als topman van de Rabobank verzeild in de heftigste crisis in de financiële wereld sinds mensenheugenis. De opmerkelijke gebeurtenissen die wereldwijd plaatsvonden tussen medio 2007 en nu hebben Heemskerk, die in juni 2009 met pensioen gaat, geïnspireerd tot het schrijven van dit boek. In "Een gezonde krimp" schetst hij zijn persoonlijke visie op hoe het zover heeft kunnen komen. Waar kwamen al die zeepbellen opeens vandaan? Hebben de toezichthouders zitten slapen? Waren de bankiers nou echt zo onschuldig? En wie hebben er verder nog een rol gespeeld? Heemskerk blikt ook vooruit.De financiële wereld krijgt met deze crisis namelijk ook een geweldige kans. De kans om beter en duurzamer uit de puinhoop te herrijzen en weer een solide steunpilaar te worden voor toekomstige economische ontwikkelingen. Maar hoe moet dat worden aangepakt? Voor het eerst geeft een topman uit de Nederlandse bankwereld zijn visie op de gang van zaken.

Aan de hand van anekdotes en geestige observaties worden wiskundige problemen toegankelijk gemaakt. Hoe zet je een piramidespel op? Wat hebben Groucho Marx en Bertrand Russell met elkaar gemeen? Waarom was het statistische bewijs tegen O.J. Simpson zo overweldigend? Welke wiskundige patronen liggen ten grondslag aan het denken van een gevaarlijke terrorist als de Unabomber?

In Er was eens een getal legt de bekende wiskundige John Allen Paulos de verrassende verbanden bloot die er bestaan tussen fantasie en feiten, tussen verbeelding en abstractie, tussen verhalen en getallen. Hij laat zien hoe in logica en kansberekening intuïtie en creativiteit altijd een heel belangrijk rol hebben gespeeld, en maakt duidelijk dat kunst en literatuur het onmogelijk zonder de logica kunnen stellen.

Beknopt overzicht van de belangrijkste mijlpalen in de wetenschap, de filosofie, de Nederlandse geschiedenis en de Nederlandse literatuur.

How could such an intricate object as the human eye - so complex and so precise - have come about by chance? In this masterful piece of popular science, Richard Dawkins builds a powerful and carefully reasoned argument for evolutionary adapatation as the force behind all life on earth. The metaphor of 'Mount Improbable' represents the combination of perfection and improbability that we find in the seemingly 'designed' complexity of living things. And through it all runs the thread of DNA, the molecule of life, responsible for its own destiny on an unending pilgrimage through time. Evocative illustrations accompany Dawkins' eloquent descriptions of astonishing adaptations in the living world.

Readers worldwide know the work of Stephen Hawking through his phenomenal bestseller A Brief History of Time.

In this collection of essays and other pieces - on subjects that range from warmly personal to the wholly scientific- he is revealed variously as the scientist, the man, the concerned world citizen, and - as always - the rigorous and imaginative thinker. Whether remembering his first experience of nursery school; puncturing the arrogance of those who think science can best be understood only by other scientists and should be left to them; exploring the origins and the future of the universe; or reflecting on the phenomenon of A Brief History of Time, Stephen's wit, directness of style and absence of pomp are vital characteristics at all times.

In The Quantum Self, Danah Zohar argues that the insights of modem physics can illuminate our understanding of everyday life -- our relationships to ourselves, to others, and to the world at large. Guiding us through the strange and fascinating workings of the subatomic realm to create a new model of human consciousness, the author addresses enduring philosophical questions. Does the new physics provide a basis by which our consciousness might continue beyond death? How does the material world (for instance, ugly inner cities) impinge upon our sense of self? Is there a subatomic wellspring from which our creativity, our empathy with others, and our feelings of unity with the inanimate world originate?Most important, Zohar shows how the vitality of the new physics combats the alienation and fragmentation of twentieth-century life, and replaces it with a model of reality in which the universe itself may possess a type of consciousness, of which human consciousness is one expression.

Analyse van de gevolgen van resp. het gebruik van kolen en kernenergie voor de opwekking van electriciteit in Nederland

Visie van een wiskundige op het beleggen in aandelen.

Thomas J Watson Sr's motto for IBM was THINK, and for more than a century, that one little word worked overtime. In Making the World Work Better: The Ideas That Shaped a Century and a Company , journalists Kevin Maney, Steve Hamm, and Jeffrey M. O'Brien mark the Centennial of IBM's founding by examining how IBM has distinctly contributed to the evolution of technology and the modern corporation over the past 100 years.

The authors offer a fresh analysis through interviews of many key figures, chronicling the Nobel Prize-winning work of the company's research laboratories and uncovering rich archival material, including hundreds of vintage photographs and drawings. The book recounts the company's missteps, as well as its successes. It captures moments of high drama - from the bet-the-business gamble on the legendary System/360 in the 1960s to the turnaround from the company's near-death experience in the early 1990s.

The authors have shaped a narrative of discoveries, struggles, individual insights and lasting impact on technology, business and society. Taken together, their essays reveal a distinctive mindset and organizational culture, animated by a deeply held commitment to the hard work of progress. IBM engineers and scientists invented many of the building blocks of modern information technology, including the memory chip, the disk drive, the scanning tunneling microscope (essential to nanotechnology) and even new fields of mathematics. IBM brought the punch-card tabulator, the mainframe and the personal computer into the mainstream of business and modern life. IBM was the first large American company to pay all employees salaries rather than hourly wages, an early champion of hiring women and minorities and a pioneer of new approaches to doing business--with its model of the globally integrated enterprise. And it has had a lasting impact on the course of society from enabling the US Social Security System, to the space program, to airline reservations, modern banking and retail, to many of the ways our world today works.

The lessons for all businesses - indeed, all institutions - are powerful: To survive and succeed over a long period, you have to anticipate change and to be willing and able to continually transform. But while change happens, progress is deliberate. IBM - deliberately led by a pioneering culture and grounded in a set of core ideas - came into being, grew, thrived, nearly died, transformed itself... and is now charting a new path forward for its second century toward a perhaps surprising future on a planetary scale.

Macro-economische visie op een toekomst waarin welvaart niet hoeft samen te hangen met economische groei.